01 / Location & anatomical relationships
Beneath the brain, connected to the hypothalamus.
02 / Structure & organization
The anterior pituitary is glandular tissue that secretes several hormones under hypothalamic regulation. The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin and vasopressin synthesized in hypothalamic neurons. The gland sits in the sella turcica.
03 / Function
Its hormones help control growth and several other glands.
04 / Mechanism
This small gland releases hormones that affect growth, reproduction and other endocrine glands. The hypothalamus helps direct its activity. Feedback from the body adjusts hormone release so messages match changing needs.
Working together: endocrine system
Hormones travel in the blood to their target cells. Different hormones help guide growth, energy use and changes during puberty.
Meet this body system →FOR DEEPER STUDY
Connect structure with function
The two lobes differ in development, tissue organization and control. Calling the pituitary a master gland should not obscure its dependence on hypothalamic signals and peripheral feedback.
Check your understanding
Locate the pituitary gland in relation to its neighbors. Explain how the structural features described above support its function, then distinguish it from a nearby structure with a different role.
Keep learning
Continue with OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology for system-level study. This atlas is educational and has not undergone independent medical peer review.